Risk Factors of Urinary Bladder Cancer in Sindh, Pakistan by Using the Logit Model

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of urinary bladder cancer in Sindh, a province of Pakistan, by using the Logit Model. It was a cross– sectional study which was conducted in two hospitals of Karachi from November 2009 to January 2010.The requisite information consisting of 150 subjects including 50 cases and 100 controls was obtained from urology/oncology wards of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) and Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (KIRAN). The factors were studied descriptively and analytically. Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals were obtained by using the Logistic Regression Model. Two factors including cigarette smoking and total fluid consumption were found to be significant having Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals [24.352, 9.270-63.974] and [0.260, 0.101- 0.668], respectively. The cigarette smoking was found to be the major risk factor of urinary bladder cancer. On the other hand, the high amount of total fluid consumption was investigated to be a protective factor against the urinary bladder cancer.